初一下册英语笔记(初一下学期第八单元英语知识点归纳)
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初一下学期第八单元英语知识点归纳
初中的英语跟小学的英语不同,所以同学们学习初一英语要打起十二分的精神学习,做好知识点总结归纳。以下是我分享给大家的初一下学期第八单元英语知识点,希望可以帮到你! 初一下学期第八单元英语知识点 get,receive, a letter from…收到…的来信;accept着重指以愉悦的态度或经过自己的争取而得到或取得某物。 情态动词should:1***表示义务,意为“应该,应当,最好”,比must较为委婉;2***与疑问词连用,表示意外,纳闷,惊讶等,意为“究竟是…;到底…”. 表示建议:1***How/What about+名词/代词/动词-ing形式?2***Why don’t you+动词原形?=Why not+动词原形?3***Let’s…以let’s开头的祈使句,表示建议对方和自己一起做某事。Let’s后接动词原形。4***Shall we…?以Shall we…?开头的疑问句,用于建议对方和自己一起做某事。回答时如赞成,常用Yes,let’s. too…to……而不能…,to后面接动词原形具有否定含义。这一句型常可以转换成so…that…句型。当这种too…to…句型转换成so…that句型时,为保持句意的一致,that引导的结果状语从句要根据时态用情态动词can’t或couldn’t加动词原形,that从句中的谓语动词要带宾语。 The boy is too young to go to school.=The boy is so young that he can’t go to school. The box is too big for me to carry.=The box is so big that I can’t carry it. 【注意】当动词不定式和主语在逻辑上构成动宾关系时,该动词后面不能再用it或them作宾语,该动词如果是不及物动词,则必须在其后面加上相当的介词或副词,方可与主语构成搭配。如,The ice is too thin for me to skate on. instead,instead of为介词短语,后面一般接名词,代词,介词和接动词-ing形式。 for example,such example例如,诸如。多作插入语,当它表示“例如“时,其后面必须有逗号;such as相当于like,意思为“象…那样,例如,诸如”,其后面直接加名词。 contest,pete,contend三者都有“竞争”的含义,均为动词:contest指在竞争中毫无保留地展示自己;pete指在体育或辩论等需要竞争的活动中,为征服或取胜而进行的努力。有时暗指在奖赏的鼓励或 *** 下进行竞争;contend暗示竞争的紧张程度。通常指双方成功的机会相等,所以为取胜或征服对方就需要艰苦的努力。强调奋斗或斗争的必要性。 contest, By的用法:by后跟表示交通工具的名词,意思为“乘,坐”;by意思为“凭借,用,靠”,表示方法或手段,常与v.-ing连用;by意思为“在…旁边”,用来表示地点,意义和用法近似于beside;by意思为“按照…,根据…”;by意思为“经过”,后常跟go,run,walk之类的动词;by用于被动语态中,后跟的名词表示行为的执行者,意思为“被,由”;by意思为“按…***计算***”,用来表示计量;by oneself独自;by the way顺便 as well的同义词为too,意思是“也”;as well as意思为“同,和,也”。用来连线名词和代词等。谓语动词用单数还是复数形式,要根据as well as前的名词或代词确定。与动词连用时,用v-ing形式;as well as同义词组为not only…but also…但侧重顺序不同。 初一英语学习建议 一、课前预习 预习的过程是个人独立阅读和思考的过程,它能促使同学们自己查阅有关资料、查阅字典,从而减少盲目性,提高听课质量。 二、争取课内外各种机会多练习英语 1、学会听别人说 2、大胆和别人交谈。学习英语必须在“听”中提高自己,在“说”中检测自己。把听到的,找机会向你的同学、朋友、老师“卖弄”一下;当你体会到成功的喜悦时,那些曾让你感到枯燥的句型、课文,就会一下子变得亲切而有意义了。 “听说”要注意以下两点: ***1***磁带要选对,要选难度适合自己的。听的时间要有保证:每天听半小时。应该说,听纯正、地道的语音、语调,就是一种享受。 ***2***听要一句一句地听,说也要一句一句地说。不要求快。要反复听,反复说,直到听懂每一个词,说好每一句才行。练习可以起到一石三鸟的效果:既巩固了语言知识,提高了听力水平,又实现了口语运用。 三、专心听课 用心识记上课时应做到:眼到、口到、手到、心到。努力在课内有目标有意识地去识记该课的生词、短语、句型、重点句子。强迫自己在课内记住这节课最重要的内容,这样,使自己真正体会到“这节课学到不少东西”的踏实感、成就感,进而激发动机,提高兴趣,更有信心去迎接今后的学习。 四、勤记笔记 课堂上做笔记可以帮助集中注意力,理顺思路,增进记忆,锻炼分析归纳、综合概括以及快速反应的能力。笔记也为日后复习提供记忆纲要。 五、及时、经常、科学地复习 复习是学习之母。要解决困扰学习者最大的知识遗忘问题,只有靠科学的复习。从时间安排上讲,复习既要及时又要经常,不仅在当天,而且在第二天、一周后、一个月后、在你需要用它之前、在考试前都要安排复习。温故而知新,从而更牢固地掌握知识。 初一的英语学习难点 第一、音标的掌握。音标的学习比较抽象,但是确实英语学习的重中之重。音标掌握可以提高学生的自学单词能力,而单词的学习又是学好英语的奠基石。学习方法:辨别好其发音规律,正确识记书写形式,带入单词加以练习。 第二、时态和语态的运用。初中英语学习八大时态,但是重点考察五大时态---一般将来时、一般现在时、一般过去时、现在进行时、现在完成时。语态分为主动语态与被动语态,难点在于被动语态的学习。中考主要考察一般现在时、一般将来时、一般过去时和含有情态动词的被动语态。学习方法:理解概念,牢记公式,熟记标志,准确运用。 第三、阅读能力的提高。中考总分120分,听力口语30分,笔答90分,其中阅读占30分。所以初中的英语学习要极为重视阅读能力的培养。学习方法:扩大单词量,文中抓线索,统观上下文,理解要全面。 1.人教版八年级下册英语知识点总结 2.八年级英语下册知识点笔记 3.初二上册英语知识点的重点总结 4.七下英语外研版知识点 5.八年级英语下册知识点总结
七年级下学期人教版英语笔记
pen pal=pen friend 笔友like and dislike 好恶;爱憎live in….在...居住speak English 讲英语play sports 做体育运动a little French 一些法语go to the movies 去看电影an action movie 一部动作片on weekends 在周末Excuse me 对不起,打扰get to 到达、抵达beginning of 在...开始的时候at the end of 在...结束的时候arrive at /二、句型(1)、Where主 +be+主语+from?主语+be+from+地点.(2)、Where do/does+主语+live?主语+live/lives in…(3)、What language do/does +主语+speak?主语+speak/speaks….(4)、主语+like/likes+doing…三、日常交际用语1-Where is your pen pal from?-He’s from China.2-Where does she live?--She lives in Tokyo.
怎样做初一下英语笔记
一、形容词与副词:1、形容词和副词的比较级和最高级:(1)形容词和副词比较级和最高级的构成.a.规则变化;b.不规则变化;a.规则变化:一般是加er和 estb.不规则变化:1)当有y结尾的,改y为i加er和est 2)当有重读的闭音节时(如big是闭音节,而且重读,一般是单音节,少数是双音节)时,双写末尾字母再加er和est 3)大多数双音节词和所有多音节词,在前面加more和most 4)特殊词有特殊的比较级和最高级good-better-bestbad-worse-worsthit-hit-hit(2)形容词副词的比较级和最高级的用法;1. -Which is ____ season in Beijing?(2003年) -I think it’s autumn. A. good B. better C. best D. the best 解析:正确答案为D.该题的核心词为season.根据比较级与最高级的知识,两者之间用比较级,而三者或三者以上用最高级,北京有四季,因此本题应选择最高级.又因为形容词最高级前要加定冠词the,因此答案为D. 2. - Which is__________ , the sun, the moon or the earth?(2004年) -- Of course, the moon is. A. small B. smaller C. smallest D. the smallest 解析:正确答案为D.该题的核心词在第一句句尾,"the sun, the moon or the earth",提问的对象为三者,应该选择最高级. 3. The air in Beijing is getting much _____ now than a few years ago.(2005年) A. clean B. cleaner C. cleanest D. the cleanest 解析:正确答案为B.该题的核心词为than,than一词是比较级的标志. 4. Mobile phones are very popular now and they are _____ than before.(2005年) A. cheap B. cheaper C. cheapest D. the cheapest 解析:正确答案为B.该题与第三题相似,核心词为than.(3)“as+形容词/副词原型+as”和“so+形容词/副词原型+as”的用法. as + 形容词或副词原级 + as1)在否定句或疑问句中可用so… as.He cannot run so/as fast as you.补充知识:2)当as… as 中间有名词时采用以下格式.as +形容词+ a +单数名词as + many/much +名词This is as good an example as the other is.I can carry as much paper as you can……1)用表示倍数的词或其他程度副词做修饰语时,放在as的前面.This room is twice as big as that one.Your room is the same size as mine.2)倍数+ as + adj. + as 《=》 倍数+ then + ofThis bridge is three times as long as that one.This bridge is three times the length of that one.Your room is twice as large as mine.Your room is twice the size of mine.比较级形容词或副词 + thanYou are taller than I.They lights in your room are as bright as those in mine.注意:1)要避免重复使用比较级.(错)He is more cleverer than his brother.(对)He is more clever than his brother.(对)He is clever than his brother.2)要避免将主语含在比较对象中.(错)China is larger that any country in Asia.(对)China is larger than any other countries in Asia.3)要注意对应句型,遵循前后一致的原则.The population of Shanghai is larger than that of Beijing.It is easier to make a plan than to carry it out.4)要注意冠词的使用,后有名词的时候,前面才有可能有名词.比较:Which is large,Canada or Australia?Which is the larger country,Canada or Australia?She is taller than her two sisters.She is the taller of the two sisters.二、冠词:冠词是虚词,本身不能单独使用,也没有词义,它用在名词的前面,帮助指明名词的含义.英语中的冠词有三种,一种是定冠词(the Definite Article),另一种是不定冠词(the Indefinite Article),还有一种是零冠词(Zero Article).1、不定冠词的用法;不定冠词a (an)与数词one 同源,是"一个"的意思.a用于辅音音素前,一般读作.1) 表示"一个",意为one;指某人或某物,意为a certain.A Mr. Ling is waiting for you.2) 代表一类人或物.A knife is a tool for cutting with.Mr. Smith is an engineer.补充: 词组或成语.a little / a few / a lot / a type of / a pile / a great many / many a / as a rule / in ahurry / in a minute / in a word / in a short while / after a while / have a cold / have a try / keep an eye on / all of a sudden2、定冠词的用法;定冠词the与指示代词this,that同源,有"那(这)个"的意思,但较弱,可以和一个名词连用,来表示某个或某些特定的人或东西.1)特指双方都明白的人或物:Take the medicine. 把药吃了.2)上文提到过的人或事: He bought a house. I’ve been to the house.他买了幢房子.我去过那幢房子.3)指世上独一物二的事物:the sun, the sky, the moon, the earth 4)单数名词连用表示一类事物,如:the dollar 美元;the fox 狐狸;或与形容词或分词连用,表示一类人:the rich 富人; the living生者.5)用在序数词和形容词最高级,及形容词only, very, same等前面:Where do you live? I live on the second floor. 你住在哪?我住在二层.That’s the very thing I’ve been looking for. 那正是我要找的东西.6)与复数名词连用,指整个群体:They are the teachers of this school.指全体教师)They are teachers of this school. (指部分教师)7)表示所有,相当于物主代词,用在表示身体部位的名词前:She caught me by the arm.. 她抓住了我的手臂.8)用在某些由普通名词构成的国家名称、机关团体、阶级、等专有名词前:the People’s Republic of China 中华人民共和国the United States 美国9)用在表示乐器的名词之前: She plays the piano. 她会弹钢琴.10) 用在姓氏的复数名词之前,表示一家人:
七年级下册英语第六单元知识点
成功的道路千万条,成功的人生也有千万种,选对适合自己的那条路,走好自己的每段人生路,你一定会是下一个幸福宠儿,但自身需要努力。下面就是我为大家梳理归纳的内容,希望大家能够喜欢。
七年级下册英语第六单元知识点
学习目标:
1.学会描述并谈论天气
2.描述正在发生的事情-----学习现在进行时的用法
3.学会描述在不同的天气背景下能做什么
4. 表达自己对天气的喜好并说明原因
语言功能:
描述天气,描述正在发生的动作
语言目标:
How’s the weather? It’s raining.
How’s it going? It’s great.
Is Aunt Sarah there? Yes, she is.
What’s she doing? She’s cooking.
语言结构:
How 引导的特殊疑问句
Yes/ No 问句及简短回答
现在进行时的用法
重点词汇:
raining, sunny, cloudy, snowing, windy, cold, hot, cool, warm, humid, cooking, playing, watching, studying
学习策略与思维技巧:言语配合,调用已知信息
多元智能: 人际交往 ,逻辑表述,肢体表达能力
课后复习资料
一. 短语 :
1 take photos/ pictures 照像
2 take photos/ pictures of sb/ sth 给某人或某物照相
3 have a good time\have fun\have a great tame 玩得愉快
4 work for sb / sth 为某人工作 Eg: Yuan Yuan works for CCTV’s Around The World show
5 on vacation 度假 Eg: There are many people here on vacation.
6 some…others… 一些…另外一些… one…the others…一个…另一个…(两者之间)
Eg: There are many students in the classroom. Some are writing, others are reading.
7 put on 穿上(动作) wear 穿着(状态) Eg: Tom is putting on his coat now.
8 on the beach 在沙滩上 Eg: Tom and his family are playing on the beach at this moment.
9 this group of people 这一群人
10. in this heat
二.重点句型
1.How is the weather? 天气怎么样? In the raining. 在下雨。
2.What are you doing? 你正在做什么? I’m watching TV. 我在看电视。
3.What are they doing? 他们在做什么? They are studying. 他们在学习。
4.What is he doing? 他在做什么? He is playing basketball . 他在打 篮球 。
5.What is she doing ? 她在做什么? She is cooking . 她在做饭。
三.重难点解析
1、 询问天气情况的句式:(横线内容可替换)
① How is the weather in Beijing? (How is the weather today?)
② What’s the weather like in Beijing? ( What’s the weather like today?)
2、 回答上面问题的句式:
①It’s + adj. (形容词) Eg: It’s windy.
3 、How’s it going (with you)? ① Not bad. ② Great! ③ Terrible! ④ Pretty good.
4、 Thank you for joining CCTV’s Around The Word show.
5、 I am surprised they can play in this heat.
6、 Everyone is having a good time.
7、 People are wearing hats and scarfs.
① wear 指穿衣服的状态。 ② put on 指穿衣服的动作。Please put on your old clothes
四.谈论天气的日常用语
1. It’s sunny/rainy/cloudy. 今天是晴天/雨天/阴天。
2. Lovely weather, isn’t it? 天气真好,是吗?
3. It looks like rain. 看起来要下雨。
4. It’s raining cats and dogs. 正是瓢泼大雨。
5. It seems to be cleaning up. 天似乎要转晴。
6. It’s blowing hard. 风刮得很大。
7. It’s snowing heavily. 正在下 大雪 。
8. The snow won’t last long. 雪不会持续太久。
9. It’s very foggy. 雾很大。
10. The fog is beginning to lift. 正在收雾。
11. It’s thundering and lightening. 雷电交加。
12. What’s the weather like today? 今天天气怎么样?
13. What’s the weather report for tomorrow? 天气预报明天怎么样?
14. It’s quite different from the weather report. 这和天气预报相差很大。
15. It’s rather changeable. 天气变化无常。
16. What’s the temperature? 温度是多少?
17. It’s two below zero. 零下二度。
18. The temperature has dropped a lot today. 今天温度低多了。
七年级下册英语第六单元知识点归纳
一、词组
Around The World 世界各地
On vacation 度假
Take photos 拍照
On the beach 在海边
a group of people 一群人
play beach volleyball 打沙滩 排球
be surprised 惊讶的
be surprised at sth./sb.对某人或某人感到惊讶
in this heat 在酷暑中
be relaxed 放松
have a good time 玩得很痛快
in different kind of weather 在不同的天气里
Thank sb for(doing)sth由于(做)某事而感谢某人
How’s it going? 近况如何
Some…others…一些…另一些…
Look like..看起来像。。。
二、句型/日常交际用语
(1)-How’s the weather(+地点)? –It’s raining?
(2)-What’s the weather like?—It’s sunny./It’s cold and snowing.
(3)-How’s it going? –Great./Not bad.
(4)Thanks you for joining CCTV’s Around The World show?
(5)-Is Aunt Wang there? –Yes,she is/No,she isn’t
Unit 7 What dose he look like?
一、词组
look like 看起来像....
curly /short/straight/long hair 卷/短/直发
medium height/build 中等高度/身体
a little bit 一点儿…
a pop singer 一位流行歌手
play的用法。
wear glasses 戴眼镜
have a new look 呈现新面貌
go shopping 去购物
the captain of the basketball team 篮球队队长
Nobody knows me 没有人认识我
二、句型
1) --What does he look like?
--He’s really short.He has short hair.
2) --She has beautiful,long black hair.
3) --I don’t think he’s so great .
4) --What do you look like? I’m tall.I’m thin.
5) --What do they look like?-
--They are medium height.
6) --She never stops talking.
--Stop doing(sth)表示停止正在干的事.
如:He stop listening
--stop to do (sth)表示停下来去做某事
如:He stops to listen.
7)I can go shopping and nobody knows me.
Unit 8 I’d like some noodles.
1.词组
would like 想要
a large/medium/small bowl 大碗/中碗/小碗
what size 什么尺寸
orange juice 桔汁
green tea 绿茶
phone number 电话号码
as well as 而且
what kind of 表示….的种类
a kind of 一种…
some kind of 许多种…
a bowl of rice 一碗米饭
a bottle fo orange juice 一瓶桔子汁
three oranges 三个桔子(可数)
a bottle fo orange j 一瓶桔子汁(不可数)
some chicken 一些鸡肉(不可数)
three chickens 三只小鸡(可数)
二\句型
1)What kind of … would you like? 你想要…?
EG:--What kind of noodles would you like?
--Beef and tomato noodles. please.
2)We have lare ,medium,and small bowls.
3)I like dumplings,I don’t lkee noodles.
三\日常交际用语
(1)—Can I help you?
--I’d like some noodles.please.
(2)--what kind of noodles would you like?
--I’d like mutton and potato noodles. Please.
( 3)—Would you like a cup fo green tea?
--Yes,please./No,thanks
would like后面还可以跟不定式.即:
A:would like to do.sth.想要做某事.
He would like to see you today.
B:would like sb.to.do.sth.想要某人做某事
What would you like me to do.
一、词组
do one’s homework 做某人的家庭作业
如:do my homework 做我的家庭作业
play +运动或棋类
如:play soccer 踢 足球 play chess 下棋
play +乐器 如:play the guitar 弹吉他
go to the movies 去看电影
do some reading 阅读
study for the (math) test 准备(数学)考试
stay at home 呆家里
go to summer camp 去夏令营
go to the mountains 去爬山
visit sb 拜访 某人
go shopping 去购物
last month 上个月
three days ago 三天前
yesterday 昨天
look for 寻找
go for a walk 散步
in the morning/afternoon/evening 在早上/在下午/在晚上
play computer games 玩电脑游戏
It was time to do sth 该。。。的时候了
二、句型
(1)I visited my aunt last weekend.
(2)-- How was your weekend?
--It was great./OK
(3)—It was time to go home.
三、日常交际用语
(1)—What did you do last weekend?
--On Saturday morning,I played teenis.
(2)—How was your weekend?
--It was great.I went to the brach.
一般过去时态
一般过去时态表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态,动词通常用一般过去式来表示,除动词be的过去式was/were有人称变化,其他都没人称的变化.
过去式的构成
(1) 一般情况下在动词词尾加-ed.如:
stay—stayed help—helped visit-visited
(2) 词尾是e的动词加-d.
如:like—liked live—lived
(3) 以一个元音字母加一个辅音结尾的重读闭章节应双写该辅音字母,再加-ed.如:
stop—stopped plan—planned
(4) 以辅音字母+y结尾的动词,要将y改为i再加-ed.如: study—studied worry—worried
(5) 不规则动词的过去
am/is—was are—were have-had
go—went find—found do—did see-saw
Unit 10 Where did you go on vacation?
一、词组
ptetty good 相当好;不错
in the conner 在角落
kind of boring 有点无聊
be lost 迷路
feel happy 感到高兴
be fun 很有趣
on vacation 在度假
Central Park 中央公园
the Great Wall 长城
the Palace Museum 故宫
Tian’an Men Square _广场
二、句型
(1)—Where did you go on vacation?
--I went to the breach.
(2)—How was the weather?
--It was hot and humid.
(3)--It was kind of boring
(4)—That made me feel very happy.
(5)--We had great fun playing in the water.
--have great fun doing sth表示“愉快地做某事”,“做某事很有趣”
(6)I helped him find his father.That made me feel very happy.
help sb.(to)do.sth.帮助某人做某事(to可省)
make sb.do.sth. 使某人做某事
let sb.do.sth.
Let me help you carry(搬动) it.
(7)I found a small boy crying in the conner.
find sb.doing sth.发现某人正在做某事。
find sb.do.sth.发现某人做某事(整个过程)
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七年级英语笔记大全
一. 词汇 ⑴ 单词 1. 介词:in, on, under, behind, near, at, of 1). in表示"在……中", "在……内"。例如: in our class 在我们班上 in my bag 在我的书包里 in the desk 在桌子里 in the classroom 在教室里 2). on 表示"在……上"。例如: on the wall 在墙上 on the desk 在桌子上 on the blackboard 在黑板上 3). under表示"在……下"。例如: under the tree 在树下 under the chair 在椅子下 under the bed 在床下 4). behind表示"在……后面"。例如: behind the door 在门后 behind the tree 在树后 5). near表示"在……附近"。例如: near the teacher’s desk 在讲桌附近 near the bed 在床附近 6). at表示"在……处"。例如: at school 在学校 at home 在家 at the door 在门口 7). of 表示"……的"。例如: a picture of our classroom 我们教室的一幅画 a map of China 一张中国地图 2. 冠词 a / an / the: 冠词一般位于所限定的名词前,用来署名名词所指的人或事物。冠词有不定冠词和定冠词两种。不定冠词有两个形式,即a和an。a用在以辅音音素开头的词前,如a book; an用在以元音音素开头的字母前,如an apple. a或an与可数名词单数连用,泛指某类人或某物中的一个。 This is a cat. 这是一只猫。 It’s an English book. 这是一本英语书。 His father is a worker. 他的爸爸是个工人。 the既可以用在可数名词前,也可以用在不可数名词前,表示某个或某些特定的人或事物,也可以指上文提到过的人或事物。 Who’s the boy in the hat? 戴帽子的男孩是谁呀? ------ What can you see in the classroom? ------ I can see a bag. ------ Where’s the bag? ------ It’s on the desk. ------- 你能在教室里看到什么呀? ------ 我能看见一个书包。 ------ 书包在哪呀? ------ 在桌子上。 3.some和any ①在肯定句中用some.例如: There are some books on the desk.桌子上有一些书。 Lucy has some good books露西有一些好书。 ②在疑问句和否定句中用any。例如: Is there any ink in your pen?你的钢笔里有墨水吗? Do you have any brothers and sisters?你有兄弟姐妹吗? There isn’t any water in the glass.杯子里没有水。 ⑵记住它们的特殊用法。 ①some亦可用于表示盼望得到对方肯定的答复或表示建议、委婉请求的疑问句中,这一点我们不久就会学到。例如: Would you like to have some apples?你想吃苹果吗? ②any也可用于肯定句中,表示"任何的"。例如: Any one of us can do this.我们当中任何一个都能做这个。 some 和any的用法是经常出现的考点,希望大家能准确地掌握它们的用法。 4.family family看作为一个整体时,意思是"家庭",后面的谓语动词be用单数形式 is ;如把family看作为家庭成员时,应理解为复数,后面的谓语动词be应用are。 My family is a big family. 我的家庭是个大家庭。 My family are all at home now. 我的家人现在都在家。 Family强调由家人组成的一个集体或强调这个集体中的成员。home指个人出生、被抚养长大的环境和居住地点。 house指"家"、"房屋",侧重居住的建筑本身。 His family are all workers. 他的家人都是工人。 My home is in Beijing. 我的家在北京。 He isn’t at home now. 他现在不在家。 It’s a picture of my family. 这是一张我全家的照片。 5. little的用法 a little dog 一只小狗,a little boy 一个小男孩。little常用来修饰有生命的名词。 *但little还可表示否定意义,意为"少的",加不可数名词。 There is little time. 几乎没时间了。 There is little water in the cup. 杯中水很少。 ⑵ 词组 on the desk 在桌子上 behind the chair 在椅子后 under the chair 在椅子下面 in her pencil-box 在她的铅笔盒中 near the door 在门附近 a picture of a classroom 一个教室的图片 look at the picture 看这张图片 the teacher’s desk 讲桌 a map of China 一张中国地图 family tree 家谱 have a seat 坐下,就坐 this way 这边走 二. 日常用语 1. Come and meet my family. 2. Go and see. I think it’s Li Lei. 3. Glad to meet you. 4. What can you see in the picture? I can see a clock / some books. 5. Can you see an orange? Yes, I can. / No, I can’t. 6. Where’s Shenzhen? It’s near Hong Kong. 7. Let me see.(口语)让我想想看。 see 在这是"明白、懂了",不可译作"看见"。例如: 8. Please have a seat. seat表示"座位",是个名词。have a seat表示"就坐",也可以说take a seat, 和sit down的意思相同。 三. 语法 1. 名词所有格 名词如要表示与后面名词的所有关系,通常用名词所有格的形式,意为"……的"。一般有以下几种形式: (1). 一般情况下在词尾加"’s"。例如: Kate’s father Kate的爸爸 my mother’s friend 我妈妈的朋友 (2). 如果复数名词以s结尾,只加"’"。例如: Teachers’ Day 教师节 The boys’ game 男孩们的游戏 (3). 如果复数名词不以s结尾,仍加"’s"。例如: Children’s Day 儿童节 Women’s Day 妇女节 (4). 表示两个或几个共有时,所有格应加在后一个名词上。例如: Lucy and Lily’s room Lucy 和Lily的房间 Kate and Jim’s father Kate 和Jim的爸爸 动物和无生命事物的名词的所有格一般不在词尾加"’s",而常常用介词of的短语来表示。 a map of China 一幅中国地图 the name of her cat 她的猫的名字 a picture of my family 我的家庭的一张照片 the door of the bedroom 卧室的门 2. 祈使句 祈使句主要用来表示说话人的请求、命令、建议、叮嘱等意图。祈使句一般不用主语,读时用降调。为使语气委婉、礼貌,常在句首或句尾加please 。在句尾时,please前多用逗号。 (1). 祈使句肯定形式的谓语动词一律用动词原形。 Go and see. 去看看。 Come in, please. 请进。 (2). 祈使句的否定形式常用don’t于句首。 Don’t look at your books. 不要看书。 Don’t play on the road. 不要在马路上玩。 3. There be 的句子结构 There be是一个"存在"句型,表示"有"的意思, 肯定句的形式为:There be + 名词(单数或复数)+地点状语或时间状语。 be动词单复数的确定,看be后边第一个名词,当所接主语为单数或不可数名词时,be动词形式为is;当所接主语为复数名词时,be动词为are;当be动词后接两个以上主语时,be动词与最临近主语保持数上的一致。意思为"某地有某人或某物"。如: There is an eraser and two pens on the desk. 桌子上有一块橡皮和两支钢笔。 There are two pens and an eraser on the desk. 桌上有两支钢笔和一块橡皮。 (1)there be的否定句,即在be的后面加上not。 否定形式为:There be + not + (any) + 名词+地点状语。 There is not any cat in the room. 房间里没猫。 There aren’t any books on the desk. 桌子上没书。 (2)there be句型的疑问句就是将be提到句首:Be there + (any) +名词+地点状语?肯定回答:Yes, there is / are. 否定回答:No, there isn’t / aren’t. ---Is there a dog in the picture? 画上有一只狗吗? ---Yes, there is. 有。 ---Are there any boats in the river? 河里有船吗? ---No, there aren’t. 没有。 (3)特殊疑问句:How many . . . are there (+地点状语)?"某地有多少人或物?"回答用There be . . . There’s one. / There are two / three / some . . . 有时直接就用数字来回答。One. / Two . . . ---How many students are there in the classroom? 教室里有多少学生? ---There’s only one. / There are nine. 只有一个。/有九个。 (4)如果名词是不可数名词,用:How much + 不可数名词 + is there + 地点状语? How much water is there in the cup? 杯中有多少水?
七年级下册英语课堂笔记
人教版新目标英语七年级(下)各单元知识概要 Unit 1 Where’s your pen pal from? 一、词组 be from= come from 来自... pen pal=pen friend 笔友 like and dislike 好恶;爱憎 live in….在...居住 speak English 讲英语 play sports 做体育运动 a little French 一些法语 go to the movies 去看电影 an action movie 一部动作片 on weekends 在周末 Excuse me 对不起,打扰 get to 到达、抵达 beginning of 在...开始的时候 at the end of 在...结束的时候 arrive at / 二、句型 (1)、Where主 +be+主语+from? 主语+be+from+地点. (2)、Where do/does+主语+live? 主语+live/lives in… (3)、What language do/does +主语+speak? 主语+speak/speaks…. (4)、主语+like/likes+doing… 三、日常交际用语 1-Where is your pen pal from? -He’s from China. 2-Where does she live? --She lives in Tokyo. 3-Does she speak English? -Yes,she does/No,she dosen’t. 4-Is that your new pen pal? -Yes,he is /No,he isn’t. 5-What language does she speak? -She speaks English. Unit 2 Where’s the post office 一、词组 post office 邮局 pay phone 投币式公用电话 next to 在...隔壁 across from 在...对面 in front of 在...前面 between…and… 在...和...之间 on a street 在街上 in the neighborhood 在附近 on the right/left 在右边/在左边 on one’s right/left 在某人的右边/左边 turn right/left 向右/左转 take a walk 散步 have fun 玩得开心 the way to …去...的路 take a taxi 打的/乘出租车 go down(along)…沿着...走 go through...穿过... have a good trip 旅途愉快 二、句型 (1)、Is there a bank near here? Yes,there is .It’s on Centre Street. No,there isn’t. (2)、Where’s the sumpermarket? It’s next to the library. (3)、Bridge Street is a good place to have fun. (4)、I hope you have a good trip. (5)、If you are hungry,you can buy food in the restaurant. (6)、Talk a walk though the park.. (7)、enjoy后接名词或动词-ing形式. Do you enoy(=like) your work? Do you enjoy(=like) living in the city? 三、日常交际用语 (1)、Is there a ….?句型Eg: -Excuse me.Is there a hotel in the neighborhood. -Yes, there is. No.there isn’t (2)、Where is …?句型Eg: -Where is the park,please? -It’s behind the bank.(肯定回答) -I’m sorry I don’t know. (否定回答) (3)、Which is the way to +地点? 句型.例如: - Which is the way to the library. (4)、How can I get to +地点?句型.例如: -How can I get to the restaurant? (5)、Can you tell me the way to +地点?句型.例 - Can you tell me the way to the post office? (6)、Let me tell you the way to my house. (7)、Just go straight and turn left. Unit 3 Why do you like koalas? 一、词组 want to do sth .想要做某事 want sb to do sth 想要某做某事 want sth 想要某物 Let sb do sth 让某人做某事 kind of 有几分\种类 a kind of 一种… …years old …年龄 如:ten years old 十岁 like to do sth 喜欢做某事 like doing sth play with … 与...一起玩 be quiet 安静 during the day 在白天 at night 在夜间 have a look at.. 看... one…the other 一个...另一个... 二、句型 (1)、-why do you like pandas? -Because they’re very cure. (2)、-Why dose he like koalas? -Because they are kind of interesting. (3)、-Where are lions from? -Lions are from South Africa. (4)、-What animals do you like? -I like elephants. 三、日常交际用语 (1)、-Let’s see the lions. (2)-Why do you want to see the lions? -Becase they are very cute. (3)-Do you like giraffes? Yes,I do./ No,I don’t (4)-What other animal do you like? _I like dogs.too other+ 名词的复数.表示没有特定的数量范围 the other+名词的复数表示有特定的数量范围. (5)-Why are you looking at me? -Because you are very cute. (6)-Let us play games. –Great! Let me see. Unit 4 I want to be an actor. 一、词组 want to be+职业 想要成为. shop assistant 店员 bank clerk 银行职员 work with 与.一起工作 work hard 努力工作 work for 为.而工作 work as 作为.而工作 get.. from…从.获得. give sth.to.sb /give.sb.sth 把某物给某人 正确的表示:give it/them to sb. 错误的表示:give sb.it/them in the day 在白天 at night 在夜间 talk to /with 与…讲话 go out to dinners 外出吃饭 in a hospital 在医院 newspaper reporter 报社记者 movie actor 电影演员 二、句型 (1)-What do/does+某人+do? 例:-What do you do?-I’m a student. -What dose he do? He’s a teacher. (2)-What do/does+某人+want to be? 例:What do you want to be?-I want to be a teacher. -What does she want to be ?She want to be a nuser. (3)-Where does your sister work? -She works in a hospital. (4)-Does he work in the hospiat Yes.he does/No,he doesn’t (5)-Does she work late? -Yes,she does/No.she doesn’t (6)-英语中询问职业的几种表达方式: What do/does …do? What is…? What is your father? What’s one’s job?例:What’s your father’s job? Unit 5 I’m watching TV. 一、词组 do homework 做家庭作业 watch TV 看电视 eat dinner 吃饭;就餐 clean the room 打扫房间 read newspaper/a book 看报纸/看书 go to the movies 看电影 write a letter 写信 wait for 等待;等候 talk about 谈论. play basketball/soccer/ 打篮球/踢足球 take photos 拍照 TV show 电视节目 Some of. .中的一些 a photo of my family 我的家庭照 at school 在学校 be with 和.一起 in the tree 在树上 二、句型 (1)-What+be+主语+doing? ….正在做什么? -主语+be+doing. …正在做某事. 例: -what are you doing? -I’m doing my homework. (2)-Thanks for … 为.而感谢 例:Thanks for your letter. (3)-Here are/is… 例:Here are some of my photos. Here is a photo of my family. (4)-That sounds good. (5)-This TV show is boring. 三、日常交际用语 (1)-Do you want to go to the movices? –Sure. (2)-When do you want to go? –Let’s go at seven. (3)-Where do people play basketball? –At school. (4)-What’s he waiting for?-He’s waiting for a bus. (5)-What’s he reading? He’s reading a newspaper. 1)现在在进行时的形式是: 助动词be(am,is,are)+动词-ing形式(也叫现在分词),表示现在(说话的瞬间)正在进行或发生的动作. 2)现在进行时的肯定句形式 主语+be(am,is,are)+动词现在分词+其他 I’m watching TV. 3)现在进行时的否定句形式 主语+be(am,is,are)+not+动词现在分词+其他 They are not playing soccer. 4)现在进行时的一般疑问句形式及回答: Is(am,are)+主语+动词现在分词+其他? Yes,主语+is/am/are. No,主语+isn’t/aren’t/am not. Are you reading? Yes,I am. No,I am not. 5) 现在进行时的特殊疑问句形式: 特殊疑问词+is/am/are+主语+现在分词+其他? 例:What is your brother doing? 6) 动词+ing形式(现在分词)的构成. 1一般情况下在动词词结尾加-ing. 如: eat--eating, do—doing,clean—cleaning, play—playing, 2以不发音的元音字母e结尾的动词,先去掉e再加-ing. 如:take--taking,write—writing,have-having come—coming.dance--dancing 3词尾如果是以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词.应该先双写这个辅音字母,再加-ing. 如:run—running,sit—sitting ,swim—swimming. Shop—shopping. put—putting, sit—sitting Unit 6 It’s raining! 一、词组 Around The World 世界各地 On vacation 度假 Take photos 拍照 On the beach 在海边 a group of people 一群人 play beach volleyball 打沙滩排球 be surprised 惊讶的 be surprised at sth./sb.对某人或某人感到惊讶 in this heat 在酷暑中 be relaxed 放松 have a good time 玩得很痛快 in different kind of weather 在不同的天气里 Thank sb for(doing)sth由于(做)某事而感谢某人 How’s it going? 近况如何 Some…others…一些…另一些… Look like..看起来像. 二、句型/日常交际用语 (1)-How’s the weather(+地点)? –It’s raining? (2)-What’s the weather like?—It’s sunny./It’s cold and snowing. (3)-How’s it going? –Great./Not bad. (4)Thanks you for joining CCTV’s Around The World show? (5)-Is Aunt Wang there? –Yes,she is/No,she isn’t Unit 7 What dose he look like? 一、词组 look like 看起来像. curly /short/straight/long hair 卷/短/直发 medium height/build 中等高度/身体 a little bit 一点儿… a pop singer 一位流行歌手 play的用法. wear glasses 戴眼镜 have a new look 呈现新面貌 go shopping 去购物 the captain of the basketball team 篮球队队长 Nobody knows me 没有人认识我 二、句型 1) --What does he look like? --He’s really short.He has short hair. 2) --She has beautiful,long black hair. 3) --I don’t think he’s so great . 4) --What do you look like? I’m tall.I’m thin. 5) --What do they look like?- --They are medium height. 6) --She never stops talking. --Stop doing(sth)表示停止正在干的事. 如:He stop listening --stop to do (sth)表示停下来去做某事 如:He stops to listen. 7)I can go shopping and nobody knows me. Unit 8 I’d like some noodles. 1.词组 would like 想要 a large/medium/small bowl 大碗/中碗/小碗 what size 什么尺寸 orange juice 桔汁 green tea 绿茶 phone number 电话号码 as well as 而且 what kind of 表示….的种类 a kind of 一种… some kind of 许多种… a bowl of rice 一碗米饭 a bottle fo orange juice 一瓶桔子汁 three oranges 三个桔子(可数) a bottle fo orange j 一瓶桔子汁(不可数) some chicken 一些鸡肉(不可数) three chickens 三只小鸡(可数) 二\句型 1)What kind of … would you like? 你想要…? EG:--What kind of noodles would you like? --Beef and tomato noodles. please. 2)We have lare ,medium,and small bowls. 3)I like dumplings,I don’t lkee noodles. 三\日常交际用语 (1)—Can I help you? --I’d like some noodles.please. (2)--what kind of noodles would you like? --I’d like mutton and potato noodles. Please. ( 3)—Would you like a cup fo green tea? --Yes,please./No,thanks would like后面还可以跟不定式.即: A:would like to do.sth.想要做某事. He would like to see you today. B:would like sb.to.do.sth.想要某人做某事 What would you like me to do. Unit 9 How was your weekend? 一、词组 do one’s homework 做某人的家庭作业 如:do my homework 做我的家庭作业 play +运动或棋类 如:play soccer 踢足球 play chess 下棋 play +乐器 如:play the guitar 弹吉他 go to the movies 去看电影 do some reading 阅读 study for the (math) test 准备(数学)考试 stay at home 呆家里 go to summer camp 去夏令营 go to the mountains 去爬山 visit sb 拜访某人 go shopping 去购物 last month 上个月 three days ago 三天前 yesterday 昨天 look for 寻找 go for a walk 散步 in the morning/afternoon/evening 在早上/在下午/在晚上 play computer games 玩电脑游戏 It was time to do sth 该.的时候了 二、句型 (1)I visited my aunt last weekend. (2)-- How was your weekend? --It was great./OK (3)—It was time to go home. 三、日常交际用语 (1)—What did you do last weekend? --On Saturday morning,I played teenis. (2)—How was your weekend? --It was great.I went to the brach. 一般过去时态 一般过去时态表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态,动词通常用一般过去式来表示,除动词be的过去式was/were有人称变化,其他都没人称的变化. 过去式的构成 (1) 一般情况下在动词词尾加-ed.如: stay—stayed help—helped visit-visited (2) 词尾是e的动词加-d. 如:like—liked live—lived (3) 以一个元音字母加一个辅音结尾的重读闭章节应双写该辅音字母,再加-ed.如: stop—stopped plan—planned (4) 以辅音字母+y结尾的动词,要将y改为i再加-ed.如: study—studied worry—worried (5) 不规则动词的过去 am/is—was are—were have-had go—went find—found do—did see-saw Unit 10 Where did you go on vacation? 一、词组 ptetty good 相当好;不错 in the conner 在角落 kind of boring 有点无聊 be lost 迷路 feel happy 感到高兴 be fun 很有趣 on vacation 在度假 Central Park 中央公园 the Great Wall 长城 the Palace Museum 故宫 Tian’an Men Square 天安门广场 二、句型 (1)—Where did you go on vacation? --I went to the breach. (2)—How was the weather? --It was hot and humid. (3)--It was kind of boring (4)—That made me feel very happy. (5)--We had great fun playing in the water. --have great fun doing sth表示“愉快地做某事”,“做某事很有趣” (6)I helped him find his father.That made me feel very happy. help sb.(to)do.sth.帮助某人做某事(to可省) make sb.do.sth. 使某人做某事 let sb.do.sth. Let me help you carry(搬动) it. (7)I found a small boy crying in the conner. find sb.doing sth.发现某人正在做某事. find sb.do.sth.发现某人做某事(整个过程) Unit 11 What do you think of game shows? 一、词组 talk show 谈话节目 soap opera 肥皂剧 sports show 体育节目 game show 比赛节目 think of 认为 how about… …怎么样?=what about… in fact 事实上 a thirteen-year-old boy 一个十三岁的男孩= The boy is thirteen years old talk to(with)… 跟 …谈话 thanks for… 为…感谢 each student 每个学生 key ring 钥匙链 baseball cap 棒球帽 the school magazine 校刊 can’t stand 不能忍受 don’t mind 不介意/无所谓/不在乎 二、句型 (1)—What do you think of situation comedy? -- I love them (2)—I asked students about fashion. (3)—This is what I think. (4)--I don’t mind what young people think of me! (5)—Can you please put my letter in next month’s magazine? 三、日常交际用语 (1)—What do you think of suop operas? --- I love them/I don’t mind them/I can’t stand them/I don’t like. (2)—How about you? ---I do.too. (3)--What do you think of …? --=How do you like…? 如:What do you think of the picture? =How do you like the picture? Unit 12 Don’t eat in class. 一、词组 school rules 学校规章制度 break the rules 违反规章制度 in the hallways 在过道 listen to music 听音乐 in the music room 在音乐教室里 in the dining hall 在餐厅 sports shoes 运动鞋 gym class 体育课 after school 放学后 have to do 不得不做 too many 太多 get up 起床 by ten o’clock 十点之前 make dinner 做饭 the children’s palace 少年宫 二、句型 (1)—Don’t arrive late for class. (2)—We can’t listen to music in the hallways,but we can listen to it outside. (3)—What else do you have to do? -- We have to clean the classroom. (4)--Can we wear hats in school? --Yes,we can/ No,we can’t. (5)-Do you have to wear a uniform at school? -Yes,we do /No,we don’t. 重难点精析 祈使句 通常用来表示命令、请求、禁止、建议、警告等语气.它的主语you(听话人)通常省略.其构成通常有以下几种形式. 1)Be型(即系动词原型be+表语+其他). 如:Be quiet,please. 否定句Don’t + be+表语+其他. 如:Don’t be angry. 2)Do型(即系动词原形+宾语+其他).如: Open you books,please. 否定句Don’t +实义动词原形+宾语+其他. 如:Don’t eat in the classroom. 3)Let型(即Let+宾语+动词原形+其他)如: Let me help you. Let’s go at six o’clock. 否定句一般在宾语后加not.如: Let’ not watch TV. 4)No+V-ing型(此种形式通常用于公共场合的提示语中,意为“禁止做某事“)如: No smoking! 严禁吸烟! No talking! 不许交谈! No passing! 禁止通行! No parking! 不许停车 七年级下期所有的知识点都在这里!
英语初一下笔记
Unit 2 Where’s the post office?一. Asking ways: (问路)1. Where is (the nearest) ……? (最近的)……在哪里?2. Can you tell me the way to ……? 你能告诉我去……的路吗?3. How can I get to ……? 我怎样到达……呢?4. Is there …… near here / in the neighborhood? 附近有……吗?5. Which is the way to ……? 哪条是去……的路?二.Showing the ways: (指路)1. Go straight down / along this street. 沿着这条街一直走。2. Turn left at the second turning. 在第二个路口向左转。3. You will find it on your right. 你会在你右手边发现它。4. It is about one hundred metres from here. 离这里大约一百米远。5. You’d better take a bus. 你最好坐公交车去。(You’d better+动词原形)三.词组1. across from …… 在……的对面 across from the bank 在银行的对面2. next to…… 紧靠…… next to the supermarket 紧靠超市3. between……and…… 在……和……之间between the park and the zoo 在公园和动物园之间among 表示位于三者或三者以上之间4. in front of…… 在……前面 There is a tree in front of the classroom. 课室前面有棵树。in the front of…… 在……(内)的前部 There is a desk in the front of the classroom. 课室内的前部有张桌子。5. behind…… 在……后面 behind my house 在我家后面6. turn left/ right 向左/右拐on the left/right of……在某物的左/右边 on the left of our school 在我们学校的左边 on one’s left/right 在某人的左/右边 on my left在我左边7. go straight 一直走8. down /along……沿着……(街道 down/along Center Street 沿着中央街9. in the neighborhood=near here 在附近 10 welcome to…… 欢迎来到……11. take /have a walk 散步 12. the beginning of…… ……的开始,前端 at the beginning of…… 在……的开始,前端 in the beginning 起初,一开始 13. have fun=have a good time=enjoy oneself 玩得开心,过得愉快 我昨天玩得很开心。 I had fun yesterday. I had a good time yesterday. I enjoyed myself yesterday.14. have a good trip 旅途愉快 15. take a taxi 坐出租车16. 到达:get to +地方 get here/ there/ home 到这/那/家arrive in +大地方 I arrive in Beijing. arrive at +小地方I arrive at the bank. reach +地方 17.go across 从物体表面横过 go across the street横过马路go through 从空间穿过 go through the forest穿过树林18.on + 街道的名称。 Eg: on Center Streetat + 具体门牌号+街道的名称 Eg: at 6 Center Street
初一英语知识点总结笔记
无一事不学,无一时不学,无一处不学,成功之路也。学习外语并不难,学习外语就像交朋友一样,朋友是越交越熟的,天天见面,朋友之间就亲密无间了。下面是我给大家整理的一些初一英语的知识点,希望对大家有所帮助。
七年级英语 重要知识点
一、48个国际音标及26个英文字母的正确书写
要熟练掌握元音和辅音,5个元音字母(a, e, i, o, u),字母的正确占格及单词间距。
二、be动词的用法
be动词有三种变形,分别是:am, is, are。记忆口诀:
“我”用am, “你”用are, is用于“他、她、它”;单数全都用is,复数全部都用are。
三、人称及人称代词的不同形式(主格和宾格)
1、三种人称:第一人称(I, we),第二人称(you, you),第三人称(he, she, it, Maria)。
2、人称代词的主格,即人称代词位于 句子 主语位置时的形态:I, We, You, You, He, She, It, Maria。
3、人称代词的宾格,即人称代词位于句子宾语位置时的形态:me, us, you, you, him, her, it。
4、形容词性物主代词:my, our, your, your, his, her, its, their。
5、名词性物主代词:mine, ours, yours, yours, his, hers, its, theirs。
6、反身代词:myself, ourselves, yourself, yourselves, himself, herself, itself, themselves。
四、基数词(表示数量多少的词,大致相当于代数里的自然数)
zero, one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve, thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen, twenty, twenty-one, twenty-two, twenty-three,twenty-four, twenty-five, twenty-six, twenty-seven, twenty-eight, twenty-nine, thirty, forty, fifty, sixty,seventy, eighty, ninety, one hundred,one hundred and one。
五、一般疑问句及特殊疑问句
1、一般疑问句:能用Yes或No来回答的问句。一般疑问句句尾读升调。
2、特殊疑问句:不能用Yes或No来回答的问句。特殊疑问句句尾读降调。
初一英语重要知识点
◆ 短语 归纳
1. what time 几点
2. go to school 去上学
3. get up 起床
4. take a shower 洗淋浴
5. brush teeth 刷牙
6. get to 到达
7. do homework 做家庭作业
8. go to work 去上班
9. go home 回家
10. eat breakfast 吃早饭
11. get dressed 穿上衣服
12. get home 到家
13. either…or… 要么…要么…
14. go to bed 上床睡觉
15. in the morning/ afternoon/ evening 在上午/下午/晚上
16. take a walk 散步
17. lots of=a lot of 许多,大量
18. radio station 广播电台
19. at night 在晚上
20. be late for=arrive late for 迟到
◆用法集萃
1. at + 具体时间点 在几点(几分)
2. eat breakfast/ lunch/dinner 吃早饭/午饭/晚饭
3. thirty\half past +基数词 ……点半
4. fifteen\a quarter to +基数词差一刻到……点
5. take a/an +名词 从事……活动
6. from …to … 从……到……
7. need to do sth 需要做某事
初一英语上册语法重点 总结
1、名词
A)名词的数
我们知道名词可以分为可数名词和不可数名词,而不可数名词它没有复数形式,但可数名词却有单数和复数之分,复数的构成如下:
一)在后面加s。如:fathers, books, Americans, Germans, apples, bananas
二)x, sh, ch, s, tch后加es。如:boxes, glasses, dresses, watches, wishes, faxes
三)1)以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加es 如:baby-babies, family-families, duty-duties, comedy-comedies, documentary-documentaries, story-stories
2)以元音字母加y结尾的直接加s。如:day-days, boy-boys, toy-toys, key-keys, ways
四)以o结尾加s(外来词)。如:radios, photos, 但如是辅音加o的加es:如: tomatoes西红柿, potatoes马铃薯
五)以f或fe结尾的变f为v再加es(s)。如:knife-knives, wife-wives, half-halves, shelf-shelves, leaf-leaves, yourself-yourselves
六)单复数相同(不变的)有:fish, sheep, deer鹿子, Chinese, Japanese
七)一般只有复数,没有单数的有:people,pants, shorts, shoes, glasses, gloves, clothes, socks
八)单词形式不变,既可以是单数也可以是复数的有:police警察局,警察, class班,同学, family家,家庭成员
初一英语知识点总结笔记相关 文章 :
★ 人教版七年级上册英语复习归纳笔记
★ 初中英语基础知识归纳笔记
★ 七年级英语上册笔记大全
★ 初中英语重点知识笔记
★ 七年级下册英语知识点笔记
★ 七年级英语笔记大全
★ 初一英语短语、句型总结笔记
★ 初一下册英语重点知识点归纳
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