虚拟语气的用法（虚拟语气的用法）

本文目录

• 虚拟语气的用法
• 虚拟语气的三种用法
• 虚拟语气的用法（表达假设、愿望和建议的语气）
• 虚拟语气用法总结
• 虚拟语气的用法是什么
• 虚拟语气的详细用法
• 虚拟语气怎么用
• 虚拟语气的用法.
• 虚拟语气用法

虚拟语气的用法

虚拟语气的详细用法是与现在事实相反、与过去事实相反、与将来事实相反三种用法，只需要理解之后进行相关的应用即可。具体的 操作如下：

1、虚拟条件句的三种基本类型：与现在事实相反、与过去事实相反、与将来事实相反。

2、与现在事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式，主句谓语用should（would,could,might）+动词原形。

3、与过去事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去完成时（had+过去分词），主句谓语用should（would,could,might）+have+过去分词。

4、与将来事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式（be通常用were），主句谓语用should（would,could,might）+动词原形。

注意事项：

1、书写英语单词的时候一定要认真书写，防止有的字母之间混淆错误。

2、学习虚拟语气的详细用法时可以理解记忆，切不可盲目死记硬背，这样会得不到好效果。

虚拟语气的三种用法

虚拟语气的三种用法：与现在事实相反、与过去事实相反、与将来事实相反。

虚拟语气包含两种：一种指与事实相反或不可能发生。“虚拟条件句+虚拟主句”的结构都属于这一类。另一种指与事实实际是否发生没有直接关系。

与现在事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式，主句谓语用should（would,could,might）+动词原形。

与过去事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去完成时（had+过去分词），主句谓语用should（would,could,might）+have+过去分词。

与将来事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式（be通常用were），主句谓语用should（would,could,might）+动词原形。

英语中的各种语气：

1、陈述语气：I like apples 我喜欢苹果。（肯定）

I don’t like apples我不喜欢苹果（否定）

2、疑问语气：What’s your name？你叫什么名字？

Do you like apples？你喜欢苹果？

3、祈使语气：Open the door 打开门

4、虚拟语气：If I were you, I would forgive her如果我是你，我将会原谅她。

虚拟语气的用法（表达假设、愿望和建议的语气）

在英语中，虚拟语气是表达假设、愿望和建议的语气。它通常用于表示一种虚假的情况或假设，或者表示一种不可能或不确定的情况。在本文中，我们将介绍虚拟语气的用法，并提供一些实用的例子和操作步骤。

一、虚拟语气的用法

1.表达假设

当我们想要表达一种虚假的情况或假设时，我们可以使用虚拟语气。例如：

-IfIwereyou,Iwouldbuythatcar.（如果我是你，我会买那辆车。）

-IfIhadmoretime,Iwouldtraveltheworld.（如果我有更多的时间，我会周游世界。）

在这些句子中，我们使用了虚拟语气来表达一种不可能或不确定的情况。因为我不是你，所以我永远不会知道我会不会买那辆车。同样，因为我没有更多的时间，所以我永远不会知道我是否会去旅行。

2.表达愿望

当我们想要表达一种愿望或希望时，我们也可以使用虚拟语气。例如：

-IwishIweretaller.（我希望我更高一些。）

-IfonlyIhadmoremoney,Icouldbuythathouse.（要是我有更多的钱，我就可以买那栋房子了。）

在这些句子中，我们使用了虚拟语气来表达一种不可能或不确定的情况。因为我不可能变得更高，所以我只能说我希望我更高一些。同样，因为我没有更多的钱，所以我只能说要是我有更多的钱，我就可以买那栋房子了。

3.表达建议

当我们想要给出建议或提出要求时，我们也可以使用虚拟语气。例如：

-Isuggestthatyoutakeabreak.（我建议你休息一下。）

-It’simportantthathebeontime.（他准时到达很重要。）

在这些句子中，我们使用了虚拟语气来表达一种建议或要求。因为我们不能直接控制对方的行为，所以我们使用虚拟语气来表达我们的建议或要求。

二、操作步骤

现在，我们来看看如何在实际应用中使用虚拟语气。以下是一些操作步骤和例子。

1.使用虚拟语气表达假设

假设你想告诉别人你会做什么，如果你有更多的时间。你可以这样说：

-IfIhadmoretime,Iwouldreadmorebooks.（如果我有更多的时间，我会多读些书。）

在这个例子中，我们使用了虚拟语气来表达一种不可能或不确定的情况。因为我们没有更多的时间，所以我们永远不会知道我们是否会多读些书。

2.使用虚拟语气表达愿望

假设你想表达你希望自己能够说一种外语。你可以这样说：

-IwishIcouldspeakFrench.（我希望我能说法语。）

在这个例子中，我们使用了虚拟语气来表达一种不可能或不确定的情况。因为我们不会说法语，所以我们只能说我们希望我们能够说法语。

3.使用虚拟语气表达建议

假设你想给别人提出建议，让他们更好地完成工作。你可以这样说：

-It’simportantthatyoubeorganized.（你要有条理很重要。）

在这个例子中，我们使用了虚拟语气来表达一种建议或要求。因为我们不能直接控制对方的行为，所以我们使用虚拟语气来表达我们的建议或要求。

虚拟语气用法总结

虚拟语气用法总结介绍如下：

1、对现在假设的情况

从句:If+主语+动词一般过去时(Be动词用were)

主句:主语+ should/would/might/could+do；

If I were you, I would take an umbrella.

如果我是你,我会带把伞。(事实:我不可能是你)

If I knew his telephone number, I would tell you.

如果我知道他的电话号码,我就会告诉你。(事实:不知道)

If there were no air or water, there would be no living things on the earth.

如果没有水和空气,地球上就不会有生物。(事实:地球上既有空气也有水)

2、对过去没做的事情的假设

实际还是没做

从句：If+主语+had+done

主句：主语+should/would/might/could+have done

If I had got there earlier, I should/would have met her.

如果我早到那儿,我就会见到她。(事实:去晚了)

If he had taken my advice, he would not have made such a mistake.

如果他听我的劝告的话,就不会犯这样的错误了。(事实:没有听我的话)

3、对过去没做的事情的假设

实际还是没做

从句:

①if+主语+were to do

②if+主语+should+do

③if+主语+动词一般过去式(be动词用were)

主句:

主语+should/would/might/could+do

例:

If he should come here tomorrow, I would talk to him.

如果他明天来这儿的话,我就跟他谈谈。(事实:来的可能性很小,不可能)

If there were a heavy snow next Sunday, we would go skating.

如果下周日下大雪,我们就去滑冰。(事实:下雪可能性很小,不可能)

If she were to be here next Monday, I would tell her about the matter.

如果她下周一来这儿的话,我就会告诉她这件事的始末。(事实:来的可能性很小,不可能)

4、错综条件句

有时,虚拟条件句中, 如果主句和从句的谓语动作若不是同时发生时, 虚拟语气的形式应作相应的调整。这种条件句叫错综条件句。

①从句的动作与过去事实相反,而主句的动作与正在发生的事实不符。

例:

If I had worked hard at school,I would be an engineer now.

如果我当时在学校学习刻苦的话,我现在就是一个工程师了

If they had informed us,we would not come here now.

如果他们通知过我们的话,我们现在就不会来这里了。

②从句的动作与现在事实相反,而主句的动作与过去事实不符。

例:

If he were free today, we would have sent him to Beijing.

如果他今天有空的话,我们就已经派他去北京了。

If he knew her, he would have greeted her.

要是他认识她的话,他肯定会去问候她了。

虚拟语气的用法是什么

有必要。

it is necessary that ...后面跟的要用虚拟语气，因为只是必要的事情，但是还没有发生的，只是设想的，这就是虚拟。虚拟的结构用 should be built ，可以省略should。

简介

英语中的语气分为陈述语气、祈使语气、虚拟语气、疑问语气和感叹语气五类。虚拟语气是说话者用来表示假设，或难以实现的情况，而非客观存在的事实，所陈述的是一个条件，不一定是事实，甚至完全与事实相反。

此外如需表达主观愿望或某种强烈的感情时，也可用虚拟语气。虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。

虚拟语气的详细用法

一、 使用虚拟语气的场合：当要说的话不是事实,或是不可能发生的情况,而是一种愿望、建议或与事实　　　　相反的假设时就使用虚拟语气。 　二、 一般的虚拟语气的句式：If…+主句（=主句+if从句）　　　其谓语形式为： If从句主句与过去事实相反had donewould/might/could/should have done与现在事实相反didwould/might/could/should do与将来事实相反（1） did（2） should do（3） were to do would/might/could/should doNote：1、主句中的should只用于主语是第一人称时,would,might,could可用于任何人称,根据意思的需要选用2、条件从句的动词如果是be,其过去式所有人称无论单、复数都用were　三、含蓄虚拟语气：有时虚拟条件不通过条件从句,而是通过上下文或用介词短语等表示出来,这种句子叫含蓄语气句.如：① The gifts to him would have filled a railway car.　　　② I could not have lived through Christmas without giving you a present. （=I could not have lived through Christmas if I had not given you a present.）　四、虚拟语气的倒装：把引导虚拟语气条件从句的if省略,再把were,had或should提于句首,进行部分倒装.如：① Had you arrived 5 minutes earlier, you could have seen him off.　　（=If you had arrived 5 minutes earlier, you could have seen him off.）　　② Were she not so busy, she would come to help us.　　（=If she were not so busy, she would come to help us.）　　③ Had it not been for Chairman Mao, we labouring people could never have stood up.　　(=If it had not been for Chairman Mao, we labouring people could never　have stood up.)　五、虚拟语气的其他用法：　⑴ suggest,propose,advise,recommend,order,insist,require,request,demand等动词后的宾语从句　　　及　suggestion,proposal,advice,recommendation,order,idea等名词后的表语从句或同位语　　　用＂(should)+动原＂的虚拟语气.　⑵ It is necessary/strange/natural/better/important后的从句用＂(should)+动原＂的虚拟语气.　⑶ It is time及would rather后的从句用过去时态形式的虚拟语气.　⑷ wish后的宾从、as if/as though后的从句使用时态降级形式的虚拟语气.　⑸ even if/even though从句的虚拟方法同于 if从句. 虚拟语气经典句型 关键词： 虚拟语气 0 && image.height》0){if(image.width》=510){this.width=510;this.height=image.height*510/image.width;}}"》句型1：表示对现在的假设If+were/did/(动词过去式)，主语+would/might/should/could+doIf I were you, I would not be so proud.如果我是你，我不会如此自负。I don’t have a cellphone. If I had one, it would be convenient for me to get in touch with others.我没有手机，如果有的话，和别人联系就方便多了。If I were in your position, I would think better of it.如果我处在你现在的境地，我会重新考虑的。0 && image.height》0){if(image.width》=510){this.width=510;this.height=image.height*510/image.width;}}"》句型2：表示对过去或已经发生事情的虚拟假设If+had done，主语+would/might/should/could+have doneWhat a pity it is that you didn’t attend the concert yesterday! If you had attended it, you would have seen the famous singer.真遗憾你昨天没有去听音乐会。如果你去了，你就会见到那位名歌手。Anyone in his position would have done the same.=If anyone had been in his position, he would have done the same.无论谁处在他当时的境地都会像他那样做的。0 && image.height》0){if(image.width》=510){this.width=510;this.height=image.height*510/image.width;}}"》句型3：表示对将来的假设If+were/did/(动词过去式)/should/were to do，主语+would/might/should/could+doIf we were to panic, we would not be able to give proper first aid.如果我们惊慌的话，我们就不能进行急救了。If it were to rain(=Should it rain=Rained) tomorrow, we would not go for a picnic.如果明天下雨的话，我们就不去野炊了。If you shouldn’t pass the college entrance examination, what would you do?万一你高考不中，你该怎么办？0 && image.height》0){if(image.width》=510){this.width=510;this.height=image.height*510/image.width;}}"》句型4：if onlyif only引起的感叹句，相当于“How I wish+宾语从句”，意为“但愿......，要是......就好了”。If only he could come!要是他能来就好了。If only we students didn’t have so much homework!要是没有那么多作业该多好！If only I hadn’t been so careless in the exam!我当时没有那么粗心就好了！0 && image.height》0){if(image.width》=510){this.width=510;this.height=image.height*510/image.width;}}"》句型5：要不是......；如果不是......If it were not for ... (=Were it not for ...)If it hadn’t been for ... (=Had it not been for ...)If it hadn’t been for the determined captain, all the passengers on board wouldn’t have been saved.要不是有意志坚定的船长，船上的乘客就不会得救。If it were not for your rich parents, you couldn’t live so easy a life.要不是因为你有钱的父母，你的生活不会如此安逸。0 && image.height》0){if(image.width》=510){this.width=510;this.height=image.height*510/image.width;}}"》句型6：but for, but thatbut for+名词和but that+从句，意为“倘若不是，要不是”，接虚拟语气。But for the Communist Party of China, the People’s Republic of Chia couldn’t have been founded.=If it hadn’t been for the Communist Party of China, the People’s Republic of China couldn’t have been founded.没有共产党，就没有新中国。But for the air and water, nothing could survive.=If there were not air and water, nothing could survive.没有空气和水，什么都不能存活。She could not have believed it, but that she saw it.若非亲眼所见，她是不会相信的。0 && image.height》0){if(image.width》=510){this.width=510;this.height=image.height*510/image.width;}}"》句型7在suggest, proplse, insist, demand, require, request, order等表示建议、要求、命令的(动词后接的)名词性从句中需用虚拟语气，基本句型：主语+(should)+动词原形。Mother insisted that John (should) go to bed at 9 o’clock.（宾语从句）Many hospitals recommended that we use the letter DR ABC to remember what to do when giving first aid.（宾语从句）It was required that children (should) be sent to school when they reach the age for school.（主语从句）The suggestion that he (should) be invited was rejected.（同位语从句）That is their demand that their wages (should) be increased.（表语从句）0 && image.height》0){if(image.width》=510){this.width=510;this.height=image.height*510/image.width;}}"》句型8it’s necessary/important that sb. should do..., should可以省略With the society developing very fast, it’s quite necessary/important that we (should) have a good knowledge of English and computer.随着社会的快速发展，我们有必要精通英语和电脑。It’s necessary that John take the exam first.约翰有必要先参加考试。0 && image.height》0){if(image.width》=510){this.width=510;this.height=image.height*510/image.width;}}"》句型9it’s strange/a pity/surprising that sb. should do..., should表示“竟然”It’s a pity that she should miss the chance to go abroad.很遗憾她错过了这次出国的机会。It’s really surprising that a prophecy (预言) should coincide with the fact so exactly.令人惊讶的是，预言和事实竟然如此巧合。It’s strange that he shouldn’t pass the exam.奇怪的是他竟然没有通过考试。0 && image.height》0){if(image.width》=510){this.width=510;this.height=image.height*510/image.width;}}"》句型10：wish+宾语从句，表示不大可能实现的愿望表示现在的愿望：主语+动词过去式；表示过去的愿望：主语+had+过去分词；表示将来的愿望：主语+would(could)+动词原形。How I wish we students had more free time to relax ourselves!I failed in the maths exam. How I wish I hadn’t wasted so much time playing.What a pity you can’t go to the party. How I wish I could dance with you at the party.0 && image.height》0){if(image.width》=510){this.width=510;this.height=image.height*510/image.width;}}"》句型11：It’s (high/about) time that sb. did/should do ...早就该.....It’s time that we took action and did our bits for the AIDS patients.=It’s time that we should take action and do our bits for the AIDS patients.我们早就该行动起来,为爱滋病人尽我们的一份力。It’s high time that we did something to improve our environment.我们早该为环保做些事情了。0 && image.height》0){if(image.width》=510){this.width=510;this.height=image.height*510/image.width;}}"》句型12：表示愿望would rather that sb. did ...“宁愿...；更愿意...”，表示现在或将来的愿望；would rather that sb. had done ...“宁愿...；更愿意...”，表示过去的愿望。I’d rather you posted the letter right away.我想让你现在去寄信。I’d rather you were not a celebrated actor. In that case, we could spend more time together.我倒情愿你不是什么名演员，这样我们可以有更多的时间在一起。I’d rather that I hadn’t seen her.我情愿没有见到她。0 && image.height》0){if(image.width》=510){this.width=510;this.height=image.height*510/image.width;}}"》句型13：as ifas if(though)+主语+did/had done...表示过去的情况用过去完成时，表示现在与将来的情况用过去时。Our head teacher treats us as if we were her own children, so all the students in our class think highly of her.班主任老师对待我们就像对待自己的孩子，因此班里所有的学生都对她有很高的评价。Alan talked about Rome as if he had been there.Alan谈起罗马来就好像他去过似的。All too often, people treat AIDS patients as if they were bad or dangerous.通常情况下，人们对待爱滋病人就好像他们是坏人或高危人群。

虚拟语气怎么用

一、虚拟语气的使用范围：　　虚拟语气用来表示说话人所说的话并不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。该语法主要用于if 条件状语从句中，也可用于主语从句、表语从句和宾语从句等。　　二、虚拟语气的判断：　　1.if 条件状语从句中虚拟语气的判断。if 条件状语从句有真实条件句和非真实条件句。假设条件可以实现的句子为真实条件句，反之为非真实条件句，要用虚拟语气。其形式分为以下三种：　　（1） 与过去事实相反的假设。结构为：从句的谓语动词用“had + 过去分词”，主句用“should （would, could, might） + have + 过去分词”。例如：　　If it had not rained so hard yesterday, we could have played tennis. 如果昨天没有下大雨，我们就能玩网球了。　　（2） 与现在事实相反的假设。结构为：从句的谓语动词用过去式，系动词用were，主句的谓语用“should （would, could, might） + 动词原形”。例如：　　If I were in your position, I would marry her. 如果我是你，我就娶她为妻。　　（3） 与将来事实相反的假设。结构为：从句的谓语动词用“should （were to） + 动词原形”，主句用“should　　（would, could, might） + 动词原形”。 例如：　　If you should miss the chance, you would feel sorry for it. 如果你错过了这次机会，你会难过的。　　2.宾语从句中的虚拟语气。　　（1） wish后接宾语从句中的虚拟语气：根据从句的意义来判断。　　A: 表示与现在和将来事实相反的愿望，从句谓语动词用过去时态。例如：　　I wish they were not so late. 要是他们来得不是这么晚就好了。　　B: 表示与过去事实相反的愿望，从句谓语动词用过去完成时态。例如：　　I wished he hadn’t done that. 我真希望那件事不是他做的。　　

虚拟语气的用法.

虚拟语气的用法 虚拟语气表示说话人的愿望、假设、猜测或建议,而不表示客观存在的事实。虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。下面分别介绍虚拟语气在各种句式中的用法。 1. 虚拟语气用于条件状语从句 注意:主句中的should通常用于第一人称,would可用于任何人称,同时也可根据意思用情态动词could, might等代替should, would。 1)表示与现在事实相反: If I were you, I should stay at home. If the peasants could farm the land themselves, food production would be much higher. If fewer cash crops were grown, more food could be produced and there would be less or no starvation. 2)表示与过去事实相反: If you had come yesterday, you would have met him. If the hurricane had happened during the daytime, there would have been many deaths. 3)表示与将来事实相反:If you came tomorrow, we would have the meeting. If it were to/should rain tomorrow, the meeting would be put off. If it should rain, the crops would be saved. 4)当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时,动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间来调整。例如:If you had followed the doctor’s advice, you would be quite all right now. (从句说的是过去,主句指的是现在.) 5)以上句型可以转换成下列形式:①从句省略if,用倒装句式"were, had, should+主语"。例如:Were I in school again, I would work harder. Had you been here earlier, you would have seen him. Should there be a meeting tomorrow, I would come.②用介词短语代替条件状语从句。例如:Without air, there would be no living things. I would not have succeeded but for your help. 2.虚拟语气用于宾语从句 1)"wish+宾语从句"表示不能实现的愿望,汉语可译为"可惜……"、"……就好了"、"悔不该……"、"但愿……"等。表示现在不能实现的愿望,从句的谓语动词用过去式;表示将来不能实现的愿望,用"would(could)+动词原形";表示过去不能实现的愿望,用"had+过去分词"或"(could)would + have + 过去分词"。例如: I wish we could go to the seaside today. I wish you told me earlier. We wish we had arrived there two hours earlier. 2)虚拟语气在动词arrange, command, demand, desire, insist, order, propose, request, require, suggest 等后面的宾语从句中,用"(should)+动词原形"。例如: I suggested that the meeting (should) be put off. The doctor ordered that she (should) stay in bed for a few days. They demanded that the black people should be treated as well as white people. 注意:insist作"力言"、"强调"解时,宾语从句不用虚拟语气。只有当insist作"坚持(应该)"解时,宾语从句才用虚拟语气。例如: Mike insisted that he had never stolen anything. I insisted that you give me my money back. 3.虚拟语气用于表语从句、同位语从句做advice, idea, order, demand, plan, proposal, suggestion, request 等名词的表语从句和同位语从句,其谓语动词要用虚拟语气的结构"(should)+动词原形"。例如: We all agreed to his suggestion that we (should)go to Beijing for sightseeing. My idea is that he (should) do exercises first. 4.虚拟语气用于以as if(as though)引导的表语从句或状语从句 如果从句表示与现在事实相反,谓语动词用一般过去时;表示与过去事实相反,谓语动词用"had+过去分词";表示与将来事实相反,谓语动词用"would(might, could )+动词原形"。例如: He looked at me as if I were mad. He speaks English so fluently as if he had studied English in England. It looks as if it might rain. 但as if(as though)后的从句也常用陈述语气,这是因为从句中的情况往往是可能发生的或可能被设想为真实的。例如: It looks as if our side is going to win. 5.虚拟语气用于主语从句 在主语从句中,谓语动词的虚拟语气结构用"should+动词原形"的结构,表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等。例如: It is necessary (important, natural, desirable, advisable, strange, etc.) that we should clean the room every day. It was a pity (a shame, no wonder, etc.) that you should be so careless. It will be desired (suggested, decided, ordered, requested, proposed, etc.) that she should finish her homework this afternoon. 在上述三种主语从句中,should意为"应该"、"竟然",可以省去,但不可换用would。主句所用动词的时态不限。 注意:这种从句表示的是事实。如果说话人对这种事实表示惊奇,就可用虚拟语气。反之,如果不表示惊奇,that从句也可用陈述语气。例如: It is strange that he did not come yesterday. It is a pity that you can’t swim.

虚拟语气用法

1、提出将来会发生的事：

主句：主语＋would/should/might/could＋动词原形

从句：should＋动词原形/were to＋动词原形

If he should go to Harvard University, he would make full use of his time.

如果他要上哈佛大学的话，他就会充分利用他的时间了。

2、提出现在的条件： 

主句：主语＋would/should/might/could＋动词原形

从句：动词过去式

If he studied at this school, he would know the enviornment around the school very much.

如果他在这所学校学习的话，他会很了解周边环境。

3、提出过去的未发生的条件：

主句：主语＋would/should/might/could have＋动词过去分词

从句：had＋动词过去分词

If I had read the book, I would have told you about it.

我如果看过本书，我会把内容告诉你了。

扩展资料

虚拟语气用法：

1、用在含蓄条件句中

句子中，假设的情况不用条件从句表示出来，而是用一个介词短语来表示，句子的谓语形式也可遵循上表的规则。

这种用法也常见于or, or else, otherwise和but后面的分句中。

例如：Without music, the world would be a dull place.

2、用在错综时间条件句中

有时候，条件从句表示的动作和主句表示的动作发生的时间并不一致，这时，谓语动词的形式要根据表示的时间来调整，这种句子可称作错综时间条件句。例如：

If you hadn’t watched television so late, you wouldn’t be so sleepy now.

此句为时间交错的虚拟条件句，从句表示与过去事实相反的假设，主句则假设与现在情况相反

3、用在wish后的宾语从句中

这种句子主要表示愿望，that常省略。若指现在或将来的愿望，从句用过去时;若指过去没有实现的愿望，从句用过去完成时。

例如：I wish I had learned to play chess.(与过去事实相反)

若wish 后的宾语从句中用would，可以表示请求，通常意味着说话人的不快或不满。

例如：I wish you would help us.

4、用在if only感叹句中

当表示“但愿”，“要是…就好”时，它的用法和wish基本相同，只是更富有感情色彩，表示一时很难实现的愿望。

例如：If only I knew what you wanted.

5、用在以as if (as though) 引出的方式状语从句中

当表示过去想象中的动作或情况时，用过去完成时;当表示和现在事实相反或对现在情况有所怀疑时，用一般过去时。

例如：The old couple loved the orphan girl as if she had been their daughter.

6、用在某些虚拟的定语从句中

He was the very person I should have been wished to see.

7、用以表示说话人的主观愿望或选择，仅用在一些惯用句型的从句中

I’d rather they came tomorrow.

但had rather, would rather, would just as soon, would sooner等惯用语如用在简单句中，其后都用不加to的动词不定式。

例如：I’d rather die than give up my principle.